| Abstract: | This research article critically examines the policy frameworks governing tribal welfare in India, evaluates the challenges in their implementation, and explores future prospects for inclusive development. Despite constitutional safeguards and targeted schemes like the Forest Rights Act (FRA), Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA), and Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP), India’s tribal communities continue to face systemic marginalization, underdevelopment, and socio-economic exclusion. The study highlights persistent issues such as inadequate policy execution, bureaucratic inefficiencies, resource diversion, and lack of community participation. By analysing central and state-level initiatives, the paper underscores the gaps between policy intent and ground-level realities. It also emphasizes the need for culturally sensitive governance, decentralized planning, and greater accountability mechanisms. The article concludes with actionable recommendations for strengthening tribal welfare through participatory governance, effective monitoring, and sustainable development practices. This study contributes to the discourse on tribal empowerment and policy reforms essential for achieving equitable growth in India’s diverse socio-cultural landscape. |
